Effect of retirement on sleep disturbances: the GAZEL prospective cohort study.
Identifieur interne : 000250 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000249; suivant : 000251Effect of retirement on sleep disturbances: the GAZEL prospective cohort study.
Auteurs : Jussi Vahtera [Finlande] ; Hugo Westerlund [Suède] ; Martica Hall [États-Unis] ; Noora Sjösten [Finlande] ; Mika Kivim Ki [Royaume-Uni] ; Paula Salo [Finlande] ; Jane Ferrie [Royaume-Uni] ; Markus Jokela [Royaume-Uni] ; Jaana Pentti [Finlande] ; Archana Singh-Manoux [Royaume-Uni] ; Marcel Goldberg [France] ; Marie Zins [France]Source :
- SLEEP [ 0161-8105 ] ; 2009-11-01.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Changes in health following retirement are poorly understood. We used serial measurements to assess the effect of retirement on sleep disturbances. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The French national gas and electricity company. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen thousand seven hundred fourteen retired employees (79% men). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Annual survey measurements of sleep disturbances ranging from 7 years before to 7 years after retirement (a mean of 12 measurements). Before retirement 22.2% to 24.6% of participants reported having disturbed sleep. According to repeated-measures logistic-regression analysis with generalized estimating equations estimation, the odds ratio (OR) for having a sleep disturbance in the postretirement period was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.71-0.77), compared with having a sleep disturbance in the preretirement period. The postretirement improvement in sleep was more pronounced in men (OR 0.66 [0.63-0.69]) than in women (OR 0.89 [0.84-0.95]) and in higher-grade workers than lower-grade workers. Postretirement sleep improvement was explained by the combination of preretirement risk factors suggesting removal of work-related exposures as a mechanism. The only exception to the general improvement in sleep after retirement was related to retirement on health grounds. In this group of participants, there was an increase in sleep disturbances following retirement. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated measurements provide strong evidence for a substantial and sustained decrease in sleep disturbances following retirement. The possibility that the health and well-being of individuals are significantly worse when in employment than following retirement presents a great challenge to improve the quality of work life in Western societies in which the cost of the aging population can only be met through an increase in average retirement age.
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Affiliations:
- Finlande, France, Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
- Comté de Stockholm, Finlande occidentale, Svealand, Île-de-France
- Stockholm, Turku, Versailles
- Université de Stockholm, Université de Turku, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
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Hal:inserm-00441056Le document en format XML
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nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">HAL</idno><idno type="RBID">Hal:inserm-00441056</idno><idno type="halId">inserm-00441056</idno><idno type="halUri">https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00441056</idno><idno type="url">https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00441056</idno><date when="2009-11-01">2009-11-01</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Corpus">000034</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Curation">000034</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Checkpoint">000177</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Hal" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000177</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0161-8105:2009:Vahtera J:effect:of:retirement</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001A30</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001A28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001A28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/France/Extraction">000250</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Effect of retirement on sleep disturbances: the GAZEL prospective cohort study.</title><author><name sortKey="Vahtera, Jussi" sort="Vahtera, Jussi" uniqKey="Vahtera J" first="Jussi" last="Vahtera">Jussi Vahtera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-104079" status="INCOMING"> <orgName>Department of Public Health</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Turku</addrLine> <country key="FI"></country> </address> </desc> <listRelation> <relation active="#struct-300810" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-303940" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-324828" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation> <tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-300810" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300810" status="VALID"> <orgName>University of Turku</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>20014 Turun 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de Stockholm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Martica" sort="Hall, Martica" uniqKey="Hall M" first="Martica" last="Hall">Martica Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-128859" status="VALID"> <orgName>Department of Psychiatry [Pittsburgh]</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Thomas Detre Hall of the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213</addrLine> <country key="US"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.wpic.pitt.edu/</ref> </desc> <listRelation> <relation active="#struct-309229" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-358842" type="indirect"></relation> </listRelation> <tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-309229" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-309229" status="VALID"> <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 0367 9186</idno> <orgName>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine</orgName> <desc> <address> 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type="direct"></relation> </listRelation> <tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-2756" type="direct"><org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-2756" status="OLD"> <orgName>Epidémiologie, sciences sociales, santé publique</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">IFR 69</orgName> <date type="start">2000-01-01</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Centre de Recherche Inserm 16, Avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier 94807 VILLEJUIF CEDEX</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> </desc> <listRelation> <relation active="#struct-7550" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-92966" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-99539" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-300068" type="direct"></relation> <relation active="#struct-301664" type="direct"></relation> <relation name="IFR69" active="#struct-303623" type="direct"></relation> <relation name="IFR69" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-7550" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-7550" status="VALID"> <orgName>Université Panthéon-Sorbonne</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UP1</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>12 place du Panthéon - 75231 Paris Cedex 05</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-92966" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-92966" status="VALID"> <orgName>Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UP11</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Bâtiment 300 - 91405 Orsay cedex</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.u-psud.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-99539" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-99539" status="VALID"> <orgName>École des hautes études en sciences sociales</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">EHESS</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>54, boulevard Raspail 75006 Paris</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.ehess.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-300068" type="indirect"><org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-300068" status="VALID"> <orgName>Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">APHP</orgName> <desc> <address> <country key="FR"></country> </address> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-301664" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301664" status="OLD"> <idno type="IdRef">026404788</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2188 0914 </idno> <orgName>Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UPD5</orgName> <date type="start">1971-01-01</date> <date type="end">2019-12-31</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>12, rue de l'École de Médecine - 75270 Paris cedex 06</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.parisdescartes.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="IFR69" active="#struct-303623" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-303623" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">026388278</idno> <orgName>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">INSERM</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>101, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris </addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.inserm.fr</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="IFR69" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno> <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName> <date type="start">1939-10-19</date> <desc> <address> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.cnrs.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle name="U687" active="#struct-303623" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-303623" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">026388278</idno> <orgName>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">INSERM</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>101, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris </addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.inserm.fr</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-81173" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-81173" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">03082057X</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2323 0229 </idno> <orgName>Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UVSQ</orgName> <date type="start">1991-07-22</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>55 avenue de Paris - 78035 Versailles cedex</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.uvsq.fr/</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Versailles</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">SLEEP</title><idno type="ISSN">0161-8105</idno><imprint><date type="datePub">2009-11-01</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"> <p>OBJECTIVES: Changes in health following retirement are poorly understood. We used serial measurements to assess the effect of retirement on sleep disturbances. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The French national gas and electricity company. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen thousand seven hundred fourteen retired employees (79% men). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Annual survey measurements of sleep disturbances ranging from 7 years before to 7 years after retirement (a mean of 12 measurements). Before retirement 22.2% to 24.6% of participants reported having disturbed sleep. According to repeated-measures logistic-regression analysis with generalized estimating equations estimation, the odds ratio (OR) for having a sleep disturbance in the postretirement period was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.71-0.77), compared with having a sleep disturbance in the preretirement period. The postretirement improvement in sleep was more pronounced in men (OR 0.66 [0.63-0.69]) than in women (OR 0.89 [0.84-0.95]) and in higher-grade workers than lower-grade workers. Postretirement sleep improvement was explained by the combination of preretirement risk factors suggesting removal of work-related exposures as a mechanism. The only exception to the general improvement in sleep after retirement was related to retirement on health grounds. In this group of participants, there was an increase in sleep disturbances following retirement. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated measurements provide strong evidence for a substantial and sustained decrease in sleep disturbances following retirement. The possibility that the health and well-being of individuals are significantly worse when in employment than following retirement presents a great challenge to improve the quality of work life in Western societies in which the cost of the aging population can only be met through an increase in average retirement age.</p> </div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Finlande</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Comté de Stockholm</li><li>Finlande occidentale</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Stockholm</li><li>Turku</li><li>Versailles</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Stockholm</li><li>Université de Turku</li><li>Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Finlande"><region name="Finlande occidentale"><name sortKey="Vahtera, Jussi" sort="Vahtera, Jussi" uniqKey="Vahtera J" first="Jussi" last="Vahtera">Jussi Vahtera</name></region><name sortKey="Pentti, Jaana" sort="Pentti, Jaana" uniqKey="Pentti J" first="Jaana" last="Pentti">Jaana Pentti</name><name sortKey="Salo, Paula" sort="Salo, Paula" uniqKey="Salo P" first="Paula" last="Salo">Paula Salo</name><name sortKey="Sjosten, Noora" sort="Sjosten, Noora" uniqKey="Sjosten N" first="Noora" last="Sjösten">Noora Sjösten</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Westerlund, Hugo" sort="Westerlund, Hugo" uniqKey="Westerlund H" first="Hugo" last="Westerlund">Hugo Westerlund</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hall, Martica" sort="Hall, Martica" uniqKey="Hall M" first="Martica" last="Hall">Martica Hall</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kivim Ki, Mika" sort="Kivim Ki, Mika" uniqKey="Kivim Ki M" first="Mika" last="Kivim Ki">Mika Kivim Ki</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ferrie, Jane" sort="Ferrie, Jane" uniqKey="Ferrie J" first="Jane" last="Ferrie">Jane Ferrie</name><name sortKey="Jokela, Markus" sort="Jokela, Markus" uniqKey="Jokela M" first="Markus" last="Jokela">Markus Jokela</name><name sortKey="Singh Manoux, Archana" sort="Singh Manoux, Archana" uniqKey="Singh Manoux A" first="Archana" last="Singh-Manoux">Archana Singh-Manoux</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Goldberg, Marcel" sort="Goldberg, Marcel" uniqKey="Goldberg M" first="Marcel" last="Goldberg">Marcel Goldberg</name></region><name sortKey="Zins, Marie" sort="Zins, Marie" uniqKey="Zins M" first="Marie" last="Zins">Marie Zins</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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